Due to the huge demand for salmon in the Chinese market, foreign imports of Atlantic salmon have rapidly increased in China in recent years. Overall, the ddPCR-based quantitative method exhibited high levels of accuracy, stability, sensitivity, and practicability, suitable for applications in the routine surveillance and quality assurance of salmon products.Ītlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) is highly appreciated worldwide for its unique taste and rich nutrient content, which consists of significant amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential trace elements crucial for human health. In comparison to real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) testing, the established ddPCR method exhibited a higher level of stability and accuracy. The method was successfully applied to detect rainbow trout adulteration in commercial raw and processed Atlantic salmon products. Thermal and freezing treatments, as well as adding food additives within the recommended dosage limits, had no significant effect on the quantification accuracy. The quantification method demonstrated an acceptable level of repeatability and reproducibility, as the values of the relative standard deviation (RSD) for the tested meat mixtures with the known fractions were all less than 5%. The dynamic range of the established ddPCR method was from 1% to 90%, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2% and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.8% for rainbow trout in Atlantic salmon, respectively. A quantitative formula for calculating the mass fraction of adulterated Atlantic salmon with rainbow trout was established based on a one-step conversion strategy, in which the DNA copy number ratios were directly transformed to meat mass fractions by introducing a fixed constant (the transfer coefficient). Species-specific primers and probes were designed targeting the single-copy nuclear gene myoglobin of two salmonids. In this study, a precise method for identifying and quantifying adulterated Atlantic salmon with rainbow trout based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) testing was developed. Hence, reliable techniques are urgently needed to detect Atlantic salmon adulteration. The software is currently in its 7th version of development and supports following real time PCR chemistries for primer and probe design Beacon Designer is a software that runs on Windows and Macintosh operating systems and designs primers and probes for real time PCR ( polymerase chain reaction).Low-cost fish species are often used to adulterate or substitute for Atlantic salmon products, posing a serious threat to market order and public health. The program has an in-built support for homology avoidance using the standard web BLAST service or the set-up of a desktop BLAST feature for identification of regions that are significantly cross homologous with the target gene sequence. The software is supposed to design critical primers and probes for complex differential gene expression and allele discrimination assays. īeacon Designer has been used in workshops and conferences related to real time PCR study as a reference software Īvoidance of the cross homology renders specificity to the primers in question and they are highly targeted and only amplify the intend sequence and no other targets. The software also supports the design of multiplex PCR reactions with the selection of a reference gene. Premier Biosoft - Infobox Company company name = Premier Biosoft company company type = Private foundation = 1994 location = Palo Alto, California key people = Kay Brown (CEO) homepage = [ footnotes =PREMIER… … Wikipedia The author company, Premier Biosoft has also launched a simple version for evaluation of oligos for real time PCR primers and probes (support limited to TaqMan and SYBR Green primers) by the name Beacon designer free version. Primer (molecular biology) - A primer is a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis. They are required for DNA replication because the enzymes that catalyze this process, DNA polymerases, can only add new nucleotides to an existing strand of… … Wikipedia Performing arts - arts or skills that require public performance, as acting, singing, or dancing. * * * ▪ 2009 Introduction Music Classical. The last vestiges of the Cold War seemed to thaw for a moment on Feb.
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